structure of military government in nigeria

It was Major Chukwuma Nzeogwu that officially announced the successful coup on Radio Nigeria in Kaduna. The coup plotters were later arrested and duly executed. Nigeria held a successful democratic election in 1999 which led to the election of Olusegun Obasanjo as the President on the 29thof May 1999. Nigeria is divided into 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory, where the country's capital, Abuja, is located; the constitution also includes a provision that more states can be created as needed. (male 3,635,334/female 4,123,030) 2022 population pyramid Dependency ratios Fitch rating: B (2020)Moody's rating: B2 (2017)Standard & Poors rating: B- (2020)note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained. )imports of goods and services: -13.2% (2017 est. It can be prevented if politicians learn to avoid mismanagement of public funds. )from petroleum and other liquids: 67.406 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. Top Degrees Also, some of the civilians that spoke against these imprisonments were also imprisoned; prominent among them was Beko Ransome-Kuti. The Nigerian Navy command structure today, consists of the Naval Headquarters in Abuja as well as three other operational commands with headquarters in Lagos, Calabar and Bayelsa. The people should resist military rule through peaceful mass disobedience. In 2007, the Air Force had a strength of 10,000. )geothermal: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. In summary, we use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Even when there are less than 36 ministries, a minister is assisted by one or more minister of state (all in a bid to ensure the 36 states representation). A complete overhaul is needed, including accountability for human rights abuses, if Nigerians are not to be left at the mercy of Boko Haram and other armed groups. The Army has demonstrated its capability to mobilize, deploy, and sustain brigade-sized forces in support of peacekeeping operations in Liberia. It consists of three uniformed service branches: the Nigerian Army, Nigerian Navy, and Nigerian Air Force. The legislature at the federal level is called the National Assembly of Nigeria. Abdullahi Abacha, the 36-year-old son of the late Nigerian military dictator, Sani Abacha, is . Term: First Term (Week 2) ), -$1.849 billion (2021 est. People Ive done 10yrs studying this, just did in 10mins, Oasdom.com 2015 - 2022 Blogten Limited, The Nigerian Government Structure Explained, The Top 10 Best Colleges In UK (QS Ranking), Top 51 Best University In Nigeria (Latest), The history of Abuja How it was created, List of all Nigerian presidents from 1960 till date, creation of the 36 state and capital in Nigeria, The History and Impacts of Military Rule in Nigeria, Updated list of 20 local governments in Lagos state and their wards, History of Military Rule in Nigeria Causes and Impacts, Nigerian taxation and tax system explained, Nigerian Government revenue allocation and sharing formula, The relationship between the three tiers of government in Nigeria. Also, 3 soldiers were kidnapped in the course of the coup. Also Read: Nigerian taxation and tax system explained. In 1999, a new constitution was adopted and a peaceful transition to civilian government was completed. Establishment, maintenance, and regulation of markets, motor parks, etc. ), revenues: $12.92 billion (2017 est. )-$13.685 billion (2019 est. In the Northern region for instance, the local government was known by the name " native authorities", with the emirs having enormous influence and authority in his locality. )306.084 (2018 est. )253.492 (2016 est. "[22], Training establishments in Nigeria include the prestigious officer entry: Nigerian Defence Academy at Kaduna, the Armed Forces Command and Staff College, Jaji, and the National War College at Abuja. A series of constitutions after World War II granted Nigeria greater autonomy. Failure of the elections conducted by the civilian Government in 1965 and 1983 brought about the military intervention. Privacy Policy From 1966 to 1999, Nigeria experienced a series of military coups, excluding the short-lived second republic between 1979 and 1983. There are 774 local government areas in the Nigerian government structure, with Kano having the largest number of 44 and the smallest number of 9 belonging to Bayelsa state. [16][17][18][19], The origin of the Nigerian Armed Forces lies in the elements of the Royal West African Frontier Force, that became Nigerian, when independence was granted in 1960. Corruption has historically weakened the Nigerian military's capacity to face internal security threats, and is cited as being responsible for the continued longevity of rebels and terrorists operating throughout the nation. ), 21.8% of GDP (2017 est. )9.71% (2020 est. Military regimes are by their nature autocratic; they are insensitive to the opinions or the demands of the people. OGUNNAIKE, Sotu OMOIGUI and P.O. ), improved: urban: 81.6% of populationrural: 41.4% of populationtotal: 62.3% of populationunimproved: urban: 18.4% of populationrural: 58.6% of populationtotal: 37.7% of population (2020 est. In 1914, the British amalgamated their separately administered northern and southern territories into modern-day Nigeria. Government Structure In 1999, after decades of intermittent military control, Nigeria adopted constitutional reforms that reinstated a civilian government. Gowon was succeeded by Muritala Mohammed but his administration was also shortlived and in February 1976, General Muritala Mohammed was assassinated by Buka Suka Dimka in a violent coup attempt. National Economic Council. However, this process was shortlived by the military folks and less than 6 years after independence, Sir Ahmadu Bello; the post-independence leader of the country was overthrown. Immigration largely of West Africans continues to be insufficient to offset emigration and the loss of highly skilled workers. ), total: 18.6 yearsmale: 18.4 yearsfemale: 18.9 years (2020 est. )exports: 27,509,177,000 cubic meters (2019 est. Obasanjo had successfully handed over to Alhaji Shehu Shagari in 1979 but he was overthrown in the 31 st December 1983 by the General Muhammad Buhari. The future of Nigerian politics lies in tolerating civilian governance. It is too military in structure. MEASURES THAT CAN BE TAKEN TO PREVENT MILITARY INTERVENTION IN NIGERIAS POLITICS. It has also seized power twice at home (1966 & 1983). ), total population: 61.79 yearsmale: 59.93 yearsfemale: 63.75 years (2023 est. The Air Force started as a transport unit, with the aircrew being trained in Canada, Ethiopia and Pakistan. This is a lesson from the tutorial, West-African Constitutional Development and you are encouraged to log [7], The Nigerian Armed Forces were established in 1960 as the successor to the combat units of the Royal West African Frontier Force stationed in the country, which had previously served as the British Empire's multi-battalion field force, during Nigeria's protectorate period. Increase in the rate of crime in the country. National Defence Council; 3. The House of Representative is made of 360 members who are elected in single member constituencies. Each state has a governor that can serve for 4 years in a term. roads, airports, railways etc [37] Charles Taylor was subsequently eased out of power and exiled to Nigeria. [30], There is a Joint Task Force in the Niger Delta region designated-- "Restore Hope". This LOCAL GOVERNMENT COUNCIL comprises of the local government chairman, who is the C. E. O of the local government areas (a president at the local government level), and his Councillors, other elected members (like ministers too but at the local government level). Its decrees could not be challenged in any law court. [6] According to Global Firepower, the Nigerian Armed Forces are the fourth-most powerful military in Africa, and ranked 35th on its list, internationally. There were several failed coups. 1850s - British establish presence around Lagos. [31] JTF HQ is located at Yenagoa. The cabinet members include 36 ministers, each chosen from the 36 states of Nigeria by the president. )$22.755 billion (2018 est. The current head of the Joint Task Force in Niger Delta is Rear Admiral Akinjide Akinrinade. )0.6% of GDP (2020 est. We have JSS & SSS lesson notes. Obasanjo, quoted in Herbert M. Howe, Ambiguous Order: Military Forces in African States, Lynne Rienner, Boulder/London, 2001, p.54. Apart from this, the structure of the civil service remains the same as that of the civilian regime. ), total petroleum production: 1,646,900 bbl/day (2021 est. [14][15], In spite of these challenges to its operational readiness, the Nigerian Armed Forces have committed to a number of wide-ranging modernization programs to bolster the discipline and firepower of its troops. They have the following duties to perform: Now, lets talk about the arms of government in Nigeria. The executive arm of the Nigerian government structure is responsible for the implementation and maintenance of law, among other responsibilities. Before January 1966, the various regions in Nigeria had different system of governments, at the grassroot level. )-$15.986 billion (2020 est. Regionalism was introduced to the Nigeria system by the Richards Constitution. ), $50.856 billion (2021 est.) Nigeria, my country, blessed with the best brains and rains to grow our grains, operating a democratic system that guarantees political freedom, equality of citizenship, and more.. structure of military government in nigeria. The Constitution is suspended and the regional government and electd assemblies are hereby dissolved. We may share your site usage data with our social media, advertising, and analytics partners for these reasons. The National Assembly serve as check on the executive arm of the government. There are roadblocks to a strong democracy in Nigeria at all levels of government. Students preparing for Government examination (WAEC/NECO/GCE) are advised to read ahead without been limited by a timetable. The federal government raises funds through taxing people and businesses. Like, comment, and share, Wow, very detailed, very good work. In doing so, it played an appreciable part in reinforcing the military's nearly first-among-equals status within Nigerian society, and the linked decline in military effectiveness. ), urban population: 54.3% of total population (2023)rate of urbanization: 3.92% annual rate of change (2020-25 est. ), household consumption: 80% (2017 est. the federal government and its components (state and local government). It serves as check and balance on the executive and legislative branch of the Nigerian government structure. The Council of Ministers: This consists of the President, Vice President and the ministers some of whom were military officers, while others were politicians. Nigerian Army Education Corps and School, This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 16:09. Thank you. It is presided over by the speaker of the house. Each state has its local government areas into which it is divided into. Nigerias population is projected to grow from more than 186 million people in 2016 to 392 million in 2050, becoming the worlds fourth most populous country. The coup plotters went on to elect Lt Colonel Yakubu Gowon as the new head of State. 100)FAX: [1] (202) 362-6541email address and website: info@nigeriaembassyusa.orghttps://www.nigeriaembassyusa.org/consulate(s) general: Atlanta, New York, chief of mission: Ambassador Mary Beth LEONARD (since24 December 2019)embassy: Plot 1075 Diplomatic Drive, Central District Area, Abujamailing address: 8320 Abuja Place, Washington DC 20521-8320telephone: [234] (9) 461-4000FAX: [234] (9) 461-4036email address and website: AbujaACS@state.govhttps://ng.usembassy.gov/consulate(s) general: Lagos, three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green; the color green represents the forests and abundant natural wealth of the country, white stands for peace and unity, name: "Arise Oh Compatriots, Nigeria's Call Obey"lyrics/music: John A. ILECHUKWU, Eme Etim AKPAN, B.A. The roles of a country's armed forces are entrenched in her constitution. )crude oil estimated reserves: 36.89 billion barrels (2021 est. Federalism is a system of government in which governmental powers that exists in a country are shared between central government and component region. by . The general elections of 2007 marked the first civilian-to-civilian transfer of power in the country's history. [25] The Nigerian Army has been playing a major role in defence of Nigerian Democracy since the first republic till date. Olusegun Obasanjo, who by 1999, had become president, bemoaned the fact in his inaugural address that year: " Professionalism has been lost my heart bleeds to see the degradation in the proficiency of the military. ), improved: urban: 95.3% of populationrural: 68.8% of populationtotal: 82.6% of populationunimproved: urban: 4.7% of populationrural: 31.2% of populationtotal: 17.4% of population (2020 est. ), widespread lack of access: due to persistent civil conflict in the northern areas, localized shortfalls in cereal production, and high food prices - according to the latest analysis, about 19.45 million people were projected to be in need of humanitarian food assistance between June and August 2022, owing to the deterioration of security conditions and conflicts in northern states, localized shortfalls in staple food production, high food prices and reduced incomes;as of September 2022, flood affected about 190,000 people in areas already affected by high levels of food insecurity, malnutrition and violence in northeastern states (2022), municipal solid waste generated annually: 27,614,830 tons (2009 est. Im just going to give a quick list here. )306.921 (2019 est. The structure of government under Gowon was basically unitarian. The minister of state is not a different minister on his own but instead an assistant to the minister he is attached to. A law should be made to depoliticize the military and be completely separated from politics. N.J. Miners, The Nigerian Army 195666, Methuen and Co. Ltd, London, 1971. The military are not trained in the act of governance. )nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. The legislature branch of the Nigerian government structure is the law making body of the country. The civil war greatly increased this military presence: because of the war, the armed forces were . The NCNC, now headed by Azikiwe (who had taken control after Macaulay's death in 1946), formed a coalition with Balewa's NPC after neither party won a majority in the 1959 elections. The Armed Forces Ruling Council: This consist of the Head of State and the Commander In- Chief of the Armed Forces of Nigeria, the Service Chiefs, Inspector General of Police, the Minister of Justice and Attorney General of the Federation and the Secretary to the military Government. Class: Senior (SS3) Reasons for Military Interventions in Nigeria, Continue With the Mobile App | Available on Google Play, Major General J.T.U. Also, there had been growing unrest among the ranks in military due to some reasons which will be mentioned later. Muhammadu BUHARI (since 29 May 2015); Vice President Oluyemi "Yemi" OSINBAJO (since 29 May 2015)cabinet: Federal Executive Council appointed by the president but constrained constitutionally to include at least one member from each of the 36 stateselections/appointments: president directly elected by qualified majority popular vote and at least 25% of the votes cast in 24 of Nigeria's 36 states; president elected for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 23 February 2019 (next to be held on 25 February 2023)election results: Muhammadu BUHARI elected president; percent of vote - Muhammadu BUHARI (APC) 53%, Atiku ABUBAKAR (PDP) 39%, other 8% (2019), description: bicameral National Assembly consists of:Senate (109 seats - 3 each for the 36 states and 1 for Abuja-Federal Capital Territory; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms)House of Representatives (360 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms)elections: Senate - last held on 23 February 2019 (next to be held on 25 February 2023)House of Representatives - last held on 23 February 2019 (next to be held on 25 February 2023)election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - APC 65, PDP 39, YPP 1, TBD 3; composition - men 101, women 8, percent of women 7.3%House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - APC 217, PDP 115, other 20, TBD 8; composition - men 347, women 13, percent of women 3.6%; note - total National Assembly percent of women 4.5%, highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and 15 justices)judge selection and term of office: judges appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the National Judicial Council, a 23-member independent body of federal and state judicial officials; judge appointments confirmed by the Senate; judges serve until age 70subordinate courts: Court of Appeal; Federal High Court; High Court of the Federal Capital Territory; Sharia Court of Appeal of the Federal Capital Territory; Customary Court of Appeal of the Federal Capital Territory; state court system similar in structure to federal system, Accord Party or ACC [Mohammad Lawal MALADO]Africa Democratic Congress or ADC [Ralph Okey NWOSU]All Progressives Congress or APC [Abdullahi ADAMU]All Progressives Grand Alliance or APGA [Victor Ike OYE]Labor Party or LP [Julius ABURE]Peoples Democratic Party or PDP [Iyourchia AYU]Young Progressive Party or YPP [Bishop AMAKIRI], ACP, AfDB, ATMIS, AU, C, CD, D-8, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-15, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LCBC, MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, MNJTF, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNITAR, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, chief of mission: Ambassador Uzoma Elizabeth EMENIKE (since 7 July 2021)chancery: 3519 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008telephone: [1] (202) 800-7201 (ext. )$4,900 (2020 est. )investment in fixed capital: 14.8% (2017 est. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. note: data are in current year dollars$69.927 billion (2019 est.) Unless specified, this website is not in any way affiliated with any of the institutions featured. But on the 17thof November, 1993, General Sani Abacha staged a coup that overthrew the Ernest Shonekan administration. Lack of respect for the rule of law; the military does not respect the rule of law because the military rule is conducted without a constitution. It starts with the three tiers of government in Nigeria. Age structure 0-14 years: 40.69% (male 47,978,838/female 45,940,446) 15-64 years: 55.95% (male 64,923,147/female 64,241,948) 65 years and over: 3.36% (2023 est.) )forest: 9.5% (2018 est. )19.6% of GDP (2016 est. The first one was in 1986, just a year after Ibrahim Babangida was sworn into power, Major General Mamman Vatsa had led a coup to overthrow the government of President Babangida but this coup failed. Coincidentally, many Igbo Majors were promoted soon after the coup which furthered confirmed these speculations. Every governor has a deputy governor to help in overseeing the affairs of the state. These quick successions of coup would later serve as the foundation for the civil war. The federal executive arm, legislative arm and also the judiciary are the components in the Nigerian government structure that collectively work together to help achieve a flawless federal system. This arose from the monumental annulment, by the Babangida military regime, of the June 12 1993, presidential election, adjudged by . (ret.) The council performs executive functions with the President as the Chairman. This system features the 3 tiers of government (also known as levels of government), the arms of government (or branches of government), with leadership structure identifying the top 4 citizens. )expenditures: $19.54 billion (2017 est. )305.79 (2017 est. It is called the State House of Assembly. President Muhammadu Buhari's over-due reforms aren't yet enough to turn an under-resourced, over-stretched and corrupt army back into a professional force. Since then, in its top-level positions, the country has been ruled by military or police officers, with one solitary civilian governor in the Ibo East Central State. Five Tips to Make Sure Your Air Conditioner Is Set for Everything You Need to Know About Sports Betting in Africa, The Dutch Football Coach That Uses Strange Methods, How Does Live In-Game Betting Work: Everything You Must Know. 1. agriculture: 21.1% (2016 est. The president also appoints the Chief Justice of Nigeria and his 13 associates justices. Regime type. )transmission/distribution losses: 4.713 billion kWh (2019 est. Soldiers don't belong on the streetsand the army is uniquely placed to pressure the government for police reforms to tackle.