For No. A: 250 lbs. One thing to keep in mind, as the length of the stud increases, the weight capacity will decrease accordingly. You should also consider load duration, which is the amount of time that the 44 can support excessive weight before becoming damaged or weakened. Dryer 4x4s are more resistant to warping and, in some cases, can hold a much higher amount of weight. Heres our list of some of the most common side-by-sides and their stock weights. Copyright 2014 - 2023 Roof Online. We store towels, medicine, toiletry supplies, first-aid gear, massage devices, facial steamers, spare Painting your garage is a great way to improve the look of the space and make the walls easier to clean. This calculator will compute the 1 x lumber is standard building grade boards, such as nominal 1x8, 1x10, or 1x12boards. It isn't concern for punching through the sheathing that we're addressing, but the chance that every joist in the room fails spectacularly at once. WebThis depends on the facility. When PVC-U undergoes a special type of processing, the plastic molecules become oriented to provide more strength. In other words the weight of the tank in the center will help prevent sag at the ends. PVC-HI pipe must meet a much higher standard of manufacture and testing to receive the High Impact rating. Most building lumber sold at home stores is kiln dried to some extent. Weight lbs Size of Tire Avg. There will actually be 4 2x2s making up the shelf and it needs to hold about 200 lbs but to be safe I'm assuming it needs to hold up 300. If you know the number of board feet replace the default value of 1000 with the known quantity, and the result will equal the actual weight for the number of board feet specified. For an explanation of the difference between nominal lumber dimensions and actual dimensions, see ourLumber Dimensions Table. Weight per square foot is far less important here than the total weight of the thing. There is subsidization of antenatal costs by the Nigerian government currently. This may or may not be a big concern, depending on the size and complexity of your project. A BMI of less than 18.5 means a person is underweight. 1". How are the vertical and horizontal pieces joined? This is because several factors can influence the strength of the lumber, including wood species, wood grade, span, and load. With good wood and good joinery, sure. It's too vague and doesn't lend itself to any kind of satisfactory answer. For example, if you are using the 44 posts for a deck, then the dead load will include the deck itself and all permanent structures and components within that structure. Yep, breaking on the thin edge is twice as easy as on the thick The span is the distance a 44 can travel without needing additional support. Factor the maximum weight you expect your project to encounter and size the PVC with a ten percent load-bearing safety margin. WebChinese Painting Sumi-e Gongbi Sketches Swimming Fish Reference Tattoo Book. Then you can make a structure that is sure to be supportive and lasting. Net weight: 52 lbs. Someone said "not much" and went on to break the stick - on the Also, you can have more than one Please submit links to how-to pages and videos, pictures of beautiful and amazing pieces you made for us to admire, or help you finish. 2 SPF 4x4s that are 4 feet long, the compression strength is 14,477 pounds, but that amount decreases to 3,858 pounds for 4x4x10s. 3d. What do you intend to do with the table? WebOnePlus Nord 3 is a 2023 smartphone. Tushar is dedicated to gathering information, analyzing & test various items, and releasing reviews on various woodwork and outdoor tools. One thing to remember, wood type and moisture content will greatly affect these weight capacities. You should take into consideration Actual shipping weights should be verified at the scales. Before you begin to build a project with PVC pipe, it is a good idea to determine the tensile strength of the pipe you are using. The longestrecommended span between wall supportsfor 3/4-inch particleboard is 28 inches. WebLoad capacity of simply supported concrete slabs. for the not strictly vertical forces) since you're jerking around and brackets are less than $1 each. Using PVC pipe typically requires standard PVC solvent. Since a 22 is actually 1.5 inches by 1.5 inches, a one-foot-long 22 will have a volume in cubic inches of 1.5 inches x 1.5 inches x 12 inches, or 27 cubic inches. With a greater span, this number will rapidly decrease and the same goes for No. Deflection of the PVC pipe becomes a problem with longer spans which can cause structural issues with your project. 4 that is economy grade and not usually recommended for anything structural. From small appliances to large structures like houses and bridges, you can see the prevailing usage of wood. Simpson Strong Tie) to add additional support (i.e. This formula is for the elongation of an axially loaded member. Some types of plastic pipe require specialized solvent glues to make the joints secure. Since almost all lumber tends to eventually arrive at the air-dried moisture content, variations in moisture content can be considered a temporary factor. American Standard Beams - S Beam - American Standard Beams ASTM A6 - Imperial units. What Does Affect 44 Load Bearing Capacity? Look for flat wings without much width and avoid buying 4x4s that show a bullseye shape on the ends. As already stated any Question that asks for guesswork is likely not a good fit for here. Try to find the weakest point in the structure and enforce it to achieve your specific goal. I'm an agricultural engineer with more than 15 years of experience. Whereas span will affect the amount that a horizontal 44 can hold, the length can affect the strength and weight that a 44 will hold vertically. WebHow Much Concrete Can Fit in a Dumpster? Other more stringent kiln-dried standards exist but KD-19 is the most common. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. WebAluminum Square & Rectangular Tubing. PVC-U doesnt contain any type of plasticizer or other additives. The tensile strength of PVC pipe is directly proportional to its diameter. WebThe support forces F 3 and F 4 can be calculated (500 kg) (9.81 m/s 2) + (500 kg) (9.81 m/s 2) = R 1 + R 2 => R 1 + R 2 = 9810 N = 9.8 kN. But you might be struggling to figure out what kind of paint to use on garage walls. IMO 2x2" pine isn't strong enough for that load. Home Depot will also deliver lumber to your home, by the way. The table is made of teak wood (legs and side beams) 0.44 pounds is the weight of a one foot section of 22 lumber made from Sitka spruce. Your body needs water to metabolize carbohydrates and stored fats. The species of the 4x4s that you use can vastly affect the amount of weight that they can support. Eggplant. Architect here. 1 Yellow Pine, can support up to 2 tons, or 4,000 pounds, as long as it has adequate vertical support. Can a 44 Be Used as a Beam or Floor Joist? 1 Purely in engineering terms, a clear teak 1 x 3 (actual inches) with a 56 inch span, loaded entirely at one point in the center and supported at the ends has a failure load of about 1500 pounds, and for a more distributed load the failure load will be at least twice that. Remember, a table will hold the most weight at the center of the plane. If you want to test for moisture content before you buy, pick up a moisture meter. Standardized lumber dimensions, such as 2 x 4 or 2 x 6, allow for a multitude of efficiencies in construction. One of his specialties is repairing old systems dating back to the 1920s, including galvanized water pipes, knob-and-tube wiring, and more. if(typeof fbuilderjQuery=='undefined'&&typeof jQuery!='undefined')fbuilderjQuery=jQuery.noConflict(); First, select whether or not you have treated wood. Even at 12 ft high, a vertical Note! ; Related Documents . Toolsmirror.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com. You can expect it to take somewhere between 2 and 12 months to air-dry 44 lumber. If your question is really how to make your project WebUsed red oak legs, red oak frame on its spine, then 1x3 pine as cross beams with plywood on top so it lies flush. For help figuring out the weight of green or oven-dry lumber for different wood species, to read more about how these weights are calculated, or to see an extensive list of the weights of other types of wood, see Weights of Various Woods Grown in the United States from the Forest Products Laboratory, United States Forest Service. However, if you have heavy furniture or plan on having a lot of guests on the deck simultaneously, you may need to construct the deck to support higher loads. Thinner sheets of plywood can be glued together (laminated) to make a thicker panel for cutting sturdier shelves. 1x2 on each underside edge. For example, a lumber piece of Fir Douglas tested parallel to the grain will have 12,400 PSI of weight capacity. Tempered glass is much stronger than annealed, and it breaks into small pieces when shattered, while annealed glass breaks into large shards. Registration of antenatal care in general hospitals is between the range of #30,000 to #35,000. When you exceed the allowable span, it will not support as much weight. Oven-dried wood (also called kiln-dried wood) normally starts off with a somewhat lower moisture content than air-dried wood, but tends to slowly absorb enough moisture from its environment to eventually reach the same moisture content as air-dried wood in the same environment. 1x3. The above listed weights are approximates and are intended as a general guideline only. When choosing 1 x lumber for shelves, it's best to use select-grade lumber, which has fewer knots and other flaws that can weaken the wood. He also served as an infantry paratrooper in the 82nd Airborne Division and attended Cornell University. Please chat for more details. This allows the even distribution of weight through the legs. The cortze on top weights 800 lbs and its sturdy as a rock. Water weighs roughly 8lbs/gallon. A well-glued wood joint can take roughly 3000-3500 PSI of load before they break. WebChinese Painting Sumi-e Gongbi Sketches Swimming Fish Reference Tattoo Book. rev2023.3.3.43278. 500 kg/m2 is typical for office, storage space and similar. A 44 lumber with a length of 8 feet can resist weight from 6000-6500 lbs. The calculated section property values do not comply with the AISI or AISC specifications since minimum material thickness and rounded corners were not used. What Type Of Wood Can Hold The Most Weight? However, if you plan to use the 44 to hold substantial weight, it is better to choose denser species like Douglas Fir. Tabletop color: Black. Jake. However, if there is no vertical support between the two ends of a 44, then the middle of the span could only support a couple of hundred pounds or less depending on the length of the lumber. 3. 80 lb/sq ft in isolated areas is fine, but unless you know what the soil bearing and reinforcing is for that slab, you might be looking at cracking. The maximum weight rating for 1/4-inch-thick x 11-inch-wide tempered glass supported every 24 inches is. Shipping dimensions: 66L x 26W x 4H. I recently purchased a new heavy duty mower (JD x500) that weighs close to 800 lbs. Even if the 44 is not a peeler core, if it is close to the center of the tree, then it will not be as strong as lumber made out of the area with larger rings. So if any of you have any experience about the calculations, a rough estimation of approximate minimum / maximum weight that it can behold will be very helpfull. Second, we can look at how much a single screw has to support according to your diagram. Glass, particleboard, solid lumber, plywood, and other common shelving materials can have span limits that can range greatly. I'd worry more about the whole thing falling over before that happens. Purely in engineering terms, a clear teak 1 x 3 (actual inches) with a 56 inch span, loaded entirely at one point in the center and supported at the ends has a failure load of about 1500 pounds, and for a more distributed load the failure load will be at least twice that. He was awarded the Registered Roof Observer (RRO) professional credential in 2009. WebHow Much Weight Can a 212 Support Horizontally. Kauna unahang parabula na inilimbag sa bhutan? To understand how much weight a structure will hold, first, you need to know the weight capacity of each component. The maximum weight rating for 1/4-inch-thick x 11-inch-wide annealed glass supported every 24 inches is 29 pounds. A BMI of between 25 and 29.9 is overweight. Normal. The amount of weight a 212 can support horizontally typically depends on its span and orientation, and the location of the load. Natural and ecological product. Often these people wonder how much weight PVC pipe will support. The floor joists run front to back when standing at the door. Overbuild. Warranty: 1 Year Limited Warranty. However, if you have to use 4x4s as a beam or floor joist, just ensure that they do not have to support a significant dead load, especially near the middle of the span because they are likely to bend and sag. 2x4. Home > Beam Span Calculator. The plywood top will pretty much prevent vertical failure of the stretcher and rail glue joints. Wipe off any dust or other debris from the end of the pipe and inside the fitting. Not only that, but the direction can also affect whether the pressure of the load is being placed with the grain or against it. Web03:06. https://www.homedepot.com/p/2-in-x-2-in-x-6-ft-Select-Pine-Board-532157/202531502. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. Shorter wood is more likely to remain steady and supportive. Dimensional lumber is simply lumber that is produced with standardized dimensions. To prevent the shelves from sagging under the weight,you need to know the relative span limitations of different shelving materials. Assuming a 6ft length of 4x4 that actually measures 3.5 inches square, and plugging these numbers into the formula, we get: 10,200 psi * (2 * 3.5in * 3.5in^2) / (3 * Chinese Painting Sumi-e Gongbi Sketches Swimming Fish Reference Tattoo Book Best Prices Available freebies are shared everyday Aftermarket Worry-free livingtogether.org.il, US $26.98 Language: Chinese Page number: 47 Page 4, Satisfaction Guaranteed Chinese Painting Table base style: 4 Point/Leg. pieces of 1x2! Weight lbs Size of Tire Avg. As an example, lets say youre trying to figure out the weight of a piece of 22 lumber. Placed where on the table? Example 2 Select the lightest 8-inch deep, simply supported ERW HSS beam of Fy = 50 ksi (ASTM A500 Gr. Step 6:Multiply the weight of the one foot section by the length of the board. Eventually, you will find the appropriate weight capacity of your structure. Looking at your sketch you could fit a 30 gal aquarium on there, which when full will weight something around 350lbs Another problem is that you won't see deflection - the aquarium will not bend, so if wood does give a little, the weight will be concentrated on a smaller surface area - aquariums are not designed to whitstand this. Water Wakes Up Your Metabolism. However, given enough time, it can drop as low as 12%, depending on the temperature, humidity, and other factors. The primer begins the solvent weld process by softening the PVC surface. Step 5. WebAnswer (1 of 5): Questioning the stability of your roof may not be as uncommon as you might think. Does a summoned creature play immediately after being summoned by a ready action? Onions. However I have one left that the bracket is 5" away from the studs. How Much Weight Can a 1inch x 11inch Dowel Hold/Support? The live load is the weight that changes and will not be a constant weight on the 4x4s. A healthy and normal ovary measures 3cm x 2.5cm x 1.5cm. In this article, you will learn about the amount of weight that a 44 can hold and the various factors that can impact that amount. Remarkably, some of it still stands to this date! Therefore, at this square footage value, your deck can hold an average of 4,000lbs 5,000lbs load of weight. Is there a reference for how much weight a dowel rod can support before breaking? Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. strong enough, consider how to keep the weight or pressure on the Still, there are existing structures that utilize 4x4s horizontally and there may be some situations where using a 44 is acceptable. 6063-T52 is typically used in applications where corrosion resistance and aesthetic are more important Might look to see if there are already any schematics for free that fit your needs. When used as a post, the same 4xd74 can support up to 6,000 PSI and even more if properly braced. Dead load is the amount of weight that constantly puts pressure on the lumber. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. The wood bars are of 2x2 and 1x3 and are joined only by screws (2.5~3 inches long) and wood glue. This question doesn't really fit very well with the format of this site. Dimensional lumber is used for wall framing, rafters, and many other building components. The size of your project (height, depth, and width) can have a big impact on its weight-bearing ability. In general, PVC-U or C-PVC are the most used types of PVC pipe for home projects that dont involve moving water. Use a stud finder to locate studs in a wall. 1. (Stand back!) The amount of weight a 212 can support horizontally typically depends on its span and orientation, and the location of the load. How Water Positively Impacts Your Weight. You can also choose to air dry your 4x4s, but it can take a while to drop below 20 percent moisture. WebWhile a standard 8-foot 24 can support about 1,000 pounds vertically and up to 300 pounds horizontally (when placed on edge), Its important to remember that not all 2x4s are the 6111 posts. Spans for glass shelves are based on the type, thickness, and overall size of the glass. What depth and offset from edge my dado / groove in particle board should be? Therefore, when determining how much weight a specific 44 can hold, you must consider these factors. /r/woodworking is your home on reddit for furniture, toys, tools, wood, glue, and anything else that has to do with woodworking as a hobby or profession. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? The pics shows how its joined. WebPlease use the weight estimator below each time you fill your customers tires. Will the weight always be directly down the Z axis, or will it have a lateral component? You then multiply 28 pounds by 1.5625% (28 x 0.015625) to get 0.4375 pounds. As Psycho said. WebCommon: 1-in x 3-in x 8-ft; actual: 0.75-in x 2.5-in x 8-ft High quality strip for construction Wood harvested from certified, sustainable forests THIS ITEM IS CURRENTLY UNAVAILABLE Please check later - it'll be ready for purchase again soon. Schedule 40 PVC pipe is the most common, but Schedule 80 follows close. Are you just setting an aquarium on top of what's pictured? Standard treated wood has about 0.06 lbs/cubic foot chemical retention while wood treated for ground contact has about 0.15 lbs/cubic foot.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[336,280],'builderscalculator_com-medrectangle-4','ezslot_5',123,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-builderscalculator_com-medrectangle-4-0'); Wood used for furniture and for appearance is often of a hardwood (or Pine) variety. An air-dried 24 x 8-foot-long lumber board made out of Douglas Fir weighs about 10 pounds. Bracket the king studs to the header and two more brackets for the cross-beam. WebRelated Topics . Again, with the example of the deck, this would include people, chairs, umbrellas, and grills, as well as weather factors like rain and snow. Suppose you are making a ramp and reinforcing the plywood with The type of load is also important for 44 strength no matter the use. Load due to the weight of a mass - m - is mg Newton's - where g = 9.81 m/s 2. (Wed round this to 0.44 to be practical.). We who frequently attempt to create various wooden furniture or crafts as a DIY project, I hope the above knowledge will assist them in building safe and excellent items in the future. Foundation and/or box spring is required. Teak, strong. Sizes in inches. Another consideration is availability. WebWeight Charts. This type of PVC pipe is usually the least expensive and readily available. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. There are tons of free plans for carpentry. For example, a solvent cement joint should last longer than the pipe and fitting under normal use. Almost all lumber used for construction in the U.S. is made from spruce, pine, and fir, so our chart has weights for lumber made from all three.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'roofonline_com-large-mobile-banner-1','ezslot_4',869,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-roofonline_com-large-mobile-banner-1-0'); Read on to learn more about lumber weights, or scroll to the end for the full weight chart. hold it such that the 1 1/2 part is being used, and having two When making a wooden item, such as a coffee table, bookshelf, or chair, you must have asked yourself this question: how much weight can wood hold? 44 Beam Strength. From the above list, we see Cedar falls into the lighter wood category. For example, a Douglas Fir 44 that is 8 inches in length can vertically support 7,395 pounds but will only support 4915 pounds when the length is increased to 10 inches. I was trying to calculate how much weight will it hold on its top but i cannot reach any conclusion. A glass supplier can recommend a safe weightfor the glass you choose. But I expect you've notched the side rails in order to accomodate the the spacer you've shown, and this weakens the rails enormously. WebFinding the Right Size to Weight Ration for your Project Finding the perfect size-to-weight ratio for your PVC project is critical for several reasons. Typically, the cost is a major factor for these types of projects. without diagonal or other sheer bracing. Product dimensions: 83L x 64W x 48H. And is finished of with a 18mm plywood on top (which i think is heavy) However, there are some tricks to making solid connections that wont leak. of humans. 3. Bathroom closets are often catch-alls for anything and everything remotely related to self-care. An 8-foot 4xd74 can typically carry 1,000lbs horizontally along its length without excessive sag, or 500lbs in a center load. You need to define what is acceptable. For example, many people build shelving, furniture, or garden projects using PVC-U and C-PVC. And thats why contractors mostly use Hickory for flooring and other heavy loads. vertically. re: How much weight can a 1x 12 select pine Posted on 10/11/16 at 3:47 pm to Boudreaux35. pieces. It could be a lot of weight for a layman Typically, 4x4s that you get at your hardware or home improvement store have moisture content around 25%, but there is also kiln-dried lumber available with a much lower moisture content, as low as about 6%. These are all approximate values so be sure to take it with a pinch of salt. Typically, the size of the ovary usually is indicative of the egg reserve. Styling contours by colour and by line thickness in QGIS. |, Wood Handbook, Wood as an Engineering Material, 85% of pressure treated lumber sold in the US is southern yellow pine, will probably have a higher moisture content (35%-75%), Drain Pipe Slope Calculator (According to International Plumbing Code), Lumber Weight Calculator for Any Wood Species, Plywood Weight Calculator for CDX, OSB & More, PVC Pipe Calculator (Outside and Inside Diameter), Sod Calculator Estimate Sod for Your Lawn, Wall R-Value Calculator for Wood Framed Walls, Douglas-fir-larch, which can either be Douglas-fir or western larch, Hem-fir, which can either be western hemlock, California red fir, grand fir, noble fir, Pacific silver fir, or white fir, Southern Yellow Pine (SYP), which can either be loblolly, longleaf, shortleaf, or slash pine, Spruce-pine-fir (SPF), which can either be subalpine fir, balsam fir, black spruce, Engelmann spruce, jack pine, lodgepole pine, red spruce, or white spruce, Average equilibrium for interior wood in US ~8%. Cedar is a very popular and widely available wood type for carpentry work. ByJack Gray, Roof Online Editor Last updated December 3, 2022. Disconnect between goals and daily tasksIs it me, or the industry? So, a smaller ovary can indicate lesser egg reserve in a woman. Standard treated wood has about 0.06 lbs/cubic foot chemical However, a normal particle board cabinet (assuming probably 3/4" particle board, not super-thin ultra-cheapo chinese box store stuff) can easily take a 200+ pound worker sitting or kneeling on it - so maybe 50-100 PSF applied load on the cabinet. Instead, it is best to use 2x6s or doubled 2x4s, which are strongest on their edge. When PVC pipe may have to withstand a wider range of temperatures, the pipe is chlorinated during the manufacturing process. (1 1/2") edge. The grade of a 44 makes a difference in the strength and how much weight the lumber can adequately hold. The main camera is Triple with 50 MP. WebLumber Species. Now, if you are really worried about it, a 2x4 would theoretically be 4 times "stronger" since it is twice as tall (as long as the 4" side is oriented vertically otherwise it would just be twice as strong). With corner boards at each end of a spanned 44 and vertical support every 1 foot, it can support the complete 4,000 pounds. This is important if you are using 4x4s horizontally and it will always make a stronger structure if you utilize more vertical support for the horizontal lumber components. 3. Immediately fit your pipe and fitting together. If you plan to build a structure or repair an existing one that uses 4x4s, you want to make sure that you make it structurally sound. A 4-inch thick concrete can support upto 40 pounds of weight. Lets say youre trying to figure out the weight of a 22 made out of Sitka spruce. The height of the 44 can alter the amount of weight that the 44 can safely hold. 44 can hold up to 4,000 pounds when laying horizontally with the right support. Make sure the PVC is clean. 1x3. how much weight can this bed hold? if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[336,280],'roofonline_com-leader-4','ezslot_13',172,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-roofonline_com-leader-4-0');Note:Longleaf Pineis a very heavy pine. Strip is used to give a level surface for attaching wallboard, paneling, etc. Our lumber weight chart below covers all of these. Are their going to be any gussets or diagonal members anywhere? For heavy load operation, its best to use dense and low moisture wood. Generally, you can expect a vertical 44 to support at least 4,300 pounds, but the amount of weight could be significantly higher than that in some cases. A properly planned PVC pipe project can provide years of service. You will also learn about the compressive strength, span, and uses for a 44. The weight that a 44 beam can support horizontally depends on the type and quality of the wood used. Screwing the plywood to the 1x2 will If the load is permanent and cabinet doors are added you might add a center support to the floor as over time the span might sag slightly under load. The longestrecommended span between wall supportsfor 1x10 lumber is24 inches. As the cell structure of a particular wood type varies so as the load-bearing capacity. However, it does decrease as the height of the 44 posts increases. Step 2:Look up the density of the wood.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'roofonline_com-leader-2','ezslot_10',888,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-roofonline_com-leader-2-0'); Once you know the species of the wood that youre dealing with, look up the density of that wood. WebThe calculator can be utilized by anyone that knows the loading criteria of their application and whether the tube will be used as a beam or column. Onions. Your question referred to a simple central load. So the formula here seems useful: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flexural_strength Looking up the x 3 in. A teacher walks into the Classroom and says If only Yesterday was Tomorrow Today would have been a Saturday Which Day did the Teacher make this Statement? It does not have the strength of solid wood but it can sustain a small to medium load at a much cheaper cost. In addition to aromatic smell and bug-repelling capability, its very advantageous to use in wardrobes and wooden instruments. This information may not be used or relied upon for any specific application without competent professional examination and verification of its accuracy, suitability or applicability by a licensed professional engineer.